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  1. Home
  2. Life in the UK test
  3. Britain in the twentieth century

Britain in the twentieth century

The two world wars supply a large share of the history questions, along with the campaign for women's votes. The dates here are worth learning exactly rather than approximately.

From chapter 3 of the handbook: A long and illustrious history

Ways to remember it

Women got the vote at 30 in 1918 and at 21 in 1928, ten years apart.

The First World War ended at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, 1918.

What you need to know

  • The First World War began in 1914 and ended at 11am on 11 November 1918.
  • The First World War began after the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.
  • More than two million British casualties were suffered in the First World War, and the Battle of the Somme alone cost around 60,000 British casualties on the first day.
  • The suffragettes campaigned for women's right to vote, and Emmeline Pankhurst was one of their leaders.
  • In 1918 women over the age of 30 were given the vote.
  • In 1928 women were given the right to vote at 21, the same age as men.
  • The Great Depression of the 1930s brought high unemployment, though new industries such as cars and aviation grew.
  • The Second World War began in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland, and Britain and France declared war.
  • Winston Churchill became prime minister in 1940.
  • The evacuation from Dunkirk in 1940 rescued over 300,000 troops, many carried by small civilian boats.
  • The Battle of Britain in the summer of 1940 was fought in the air, and the RAF's victory prevented a German invasion.
  • The bombing of British cities during the war was known as the Blitz.
  • Alan Turing, a British mathematician, developed the idea of the Turing machine in the 1930s, which became a foundation of modern computing.
  • Allied forces landed in Normandy on 6 June 1944, a day known as D-Day.
  • Germany was defeated in May 1945, and the war against Japan ended in August 1945.
  • Sir Frank Whittle, a British engineer, invented the jet engine.
  • John Logie Baird, a Scot, made the first television pictures in the 1920s.
  • Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.

Our summary, in our own words. The test can ask about anything in the chapter, so read the official handbook too.

Practice questions on Britain in the twentieth century

All 19 of our questions on this topic. Say your answer before you open it: trying to answer first helps you remember it.

  1. In which year did the First World War begin?

    Show answerHide answer
    • 1914

    The First World War began in 1914 and ended in 1918.

  2. When did the First World War end?

    Show answerHide answer
    • 11am on 11 November 1918

    The war ended at 11am on 11 November 1918, which is why Remembrance Day falls on 11 November.

  3. Whose assassination helped trigger the First World War?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

    The assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria set off the chain of events leading to war.

  4. Roughly how many British casualties were suffered on the first day of the Battle of the Somme?

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    • About 60,000

    Around 60,000 British casualties fell on the first day alone. More than two million British casualties were suffered in the war overall.

  5. Who was a leader of the suffragette movement?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Emmeline Pankhurst

    Emmeline Pankhurst was a leader of the suffragettes, who campaigned for women's right to vote.

  6. In 1918, which women were given the vote?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Women over the age of 30

    In 1918 women over the age of 30 were given the vote. Women got it on the same terms as men, at 21, in 1928.

  7. In which year did women get the right to vote at the same age as men?

    Show answerHide answer
    • 1928

    In 1928 women were given the vote at 21, the same age as men at that time.

  8. What happened during the Great Depression of the 1930s?

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    • High unemployment, though new industries such as cars and aviation grew

    Unemployment was high, but newer industries including cars and aviation continued to grow.

  9. What event began the Second World War in 1939?

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    • Germany invaded Poland

    Germany invaded Poland in 1939, and Britain and France declared war.

  10. In which year did Winston Churchill become prime minister?

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    • 1940

    Churchill became prime minister in 1940, and led the country for most of the war.

  11. What happened at Dunkirk in 1940?

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    • Over 300,000 troops were evacuated, many by small civilian boats

    The evacuation from Dunkirk rescued over 300,000 troops, with many carried by small civilian boats.

  12. What was the Battle of Britain?

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    • An air battle in 1940 whose outcome prevented a German invasion

    The Battle of Britain was fought in the air in the summer of 1940, and the RAF's victory prevented an invasion.

  13. What was the Blitz?

    Show answerHide answer
    • The bombing of British cities during the Second World War

    The Blitz was the sustained German bombing of British cities during the war.

  14. Which British mathematician developed the idea of the 'Turing machine', which became important to modern computing?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Alan Turing

    Alan Turing developed the concept of the Turing machine in the 1930s. It became a foundation of modern computer science.

  15. When did Germany surrender, ending the Second World War in Europe?

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    • May 1945

    Germany was defeated in May 1945. The war against Japan ended later, in August 1945.

  16. Who invented the jet engine?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Sir Frank Whittle

    Sir Frank Whittle, a British engineer, invented the jet engine.

  17. Which Scot made the first television pictures in the 1920s?

    Show answerHide answer
    • John Logie Baird

    John Logie Baird made the first television pictures in the 1920s.

  18. Who discovered penicillin in 1928?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Alexander Fleming

    Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.

  19. What happened on 6 June 1944, known as D-Day?

    Show answerHide answer
    • Allied forces landed in Normandy

    On D-Day, 6 June 1944, Allied forces landed in Normandy in northern France.

Ready for the full test?

Chapter 3 practice test: Britain in the twentieth century · 19 questions · 36 minutes if you take it timed

Take the test

More from chapter 3

  • Early Britain
  • The Middle Ages
  • The Tudors and Stuarts
  • The Glorious Revolution and the Georgians
  • The Industrial Revolution and the Empire
  • Britain since 1945

Back to all Life in the UK test practice